INFORMATII GENERALE DESPRE ROMANIA
Vezi toate evenimenteleRomania is located at the intersection of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. It is the ninth largest country of the European Union by area, and the seventh largest by population. The Romanian language, like a number of others in southern Europe, is directly descended from Latin, although Romania is separated from other Latin language countries by Slav speakers.
After the 1989 Revolution, Romania began its transition from communism towards democracy and a capitalist market economy. In the past 15 years Romanian economy witnessed a rapid convergence process, which was sustained by inflows of foreign capitals, especially from 2005 onwards when capital account was liberalized. The country has considerable natural resources: oil, natural gas, coal, iron, copper and bauxite. Metal-working, petrochemicals and mechanical engineering are the main industries.
ACCESS HERE THE MAP OF ROMANIA
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GENERAL INFORMATION |
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| Membership: | European Union (2007), NATO (2004), United Nations (1995), WTO (1995), OSCE (1973) and more |
| Area: | 238,391 km2 (83rd in the world) |
| Climate: | Temperate, 4 seasons |
| Capital and largest city: | Bucharest |
| Administrative divisions: | 41 counties |
| Time difference: | UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington DC during Standard Time) |
| Official language: | Romanian |
| Calling code: | 40 |
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SOCIAL INFORMATION |
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| Population: | 21.5 million (59th in the world) |
| Ethnic groups (2011): | 88.6% Romanians, 6.5% Hungarians, 3.2% Roma, 1.7% other minorities |
| Population distribution: | 55.1% urban (small, medium and large towns), 49.9% rural |
| Population income: | 48.9% low, 31.4% medium, 19.7% high |
| Distribution of family income - Gini index(2010): | 33.3 (97th in the world) |
| Human Development Index: | 0.781 (50th in the world) |
| Life expectancy at birth: | 77.4 years |
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POLITICAL INFORMATION |
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| Political system: | Semi-presidential Republic |
| President: | Traian Basescu (2009 - present, 4th President of Romania) |
| Head of Government: | Prime Minister Victor-Viorel Ponta (since 7 May 2012); Deputy Prime Minister Florin Georgescu (since 7 May 2012) |
| Legislative: | Parliament: Senat (Upper house) and Chamber of Deputies ( Lower house) |
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ECONOMIC INFORMATION |
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| Currency: | Romanian Leu (RON) |
| Central Bank Governor: | Mugur Isarescu |
| GDP (PPP, 2011): | $267.151 billion |
| GDP composition by sector (2011): | agriculture: 7.9%, industry: 32.9%, services: 59.2% |
| Budget (2011): | revenues: $59.56 billion, expenditures: $67.38 billion |
| Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) in 2012: | -5.2% of GDP in Q1 2012 |
| Public debt: | 33.3% of GDP in Q1 2012 |
| Inflation: | 2.4% of GDP in Q1 2012 |
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INVESTMENTS AND TRADE |
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| Investment (gross fixed 2011): | 24.6% of GDP (47th in the world) |
| Industries: | electric machinery and equipment, textiles and footwear, light machinery and auto assembly, mining, timber, construction materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining |
| Exports (2011): | $62.68 billion (54th in the world) |
| Exports commodities: | machinery and equipment, metals and metal products, textiles and footwear, chemicals, agricultural products, minerals, fuels |
| Exports partners (2011): | Germany 18.9%, Italy 13.1%, France 7.6%, Turkey 6.2%, Hungary 5.7% |
| Imports (2011): | $73.12 billion (42nd in the world) |
| Imports commodities: | machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels and minerals, metals, textile and products, agricultural products |
| Imports partners (2011): | Germany 17.2%, Italy 11.4%, Hungary 8.8%, France 5.8%, China 4.6%, Kazakhstan 4.2%, Austria 4% |
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